A week later her grandfather died and was succeeded by his eldest son as George IV. Victoria's father died in January 1820, when Victoria was less than a year old. The first of these was Princess Charlotte, who was born and died on 27 March 1819, two months before Victoria was born. William and Edward married on the same day in 1818, but both of William's legitimate daughters died as infants. Prince George had no surviving children, and Prince Frederick had no children further, both were estranged from their wives, who were both past child-bearing age, so the two eldest brothers were unlikely to have any further legitimate children. Īt birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after the four eldest sons of George III: George, Prince Regent (later George IV) Frederick, Duke of York William, Duke of Clarence (later William IV) and Victoria's father, Edward, Duke of Kent. Additional names proposed by her parents-Georgina (or Georgiana), Charlotte, and Augusta-were dropped on the instructions of Kent's eldest brother, the Prince Regent. She was baptised Alexandrina after one of her godparents, Tsar Alexander I of Russia, and Victoria, after her mother. Victoria was christened privately by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Charles Manners-Sutton, on 24 June 1819 in the Cupola Room at Kensington Palace. The Duke and Duchess of Kent's only child, Victoria, was born at 4:15 a.m.
Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower and later the first king of Belgium. In 1818, the Duke of Kent married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children- Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)-by her first marriage to Emich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen. Charlotte's death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. Until 1817, King George's only legitimate grandchild was Edward's niece Princess Charlotte of Wales, the daughter of George, Prince Regent (who would become George IV). Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Victoria, aged four, by Stephen Poyntz Denning, 1823 The last British monarch of the House of Hanover, she was succeeded by her son Edward VII of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Victoria died in 1901 at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight, at the age of 81. Her Golden and Diamond jubilees were times of public celebration. As a result of her seclusion, British republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign, her popularity recovered. After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. Their children married into royal and noble families across the continent, earning Victoria the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe" and spreading haemophilia in European royalty. Victoria married her first cousin Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1840. Victoria, a constitutional monarch, attempted privately to influence government policy and ministerial appointments publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality. She inherited the throne aged 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue. After the deaths of her father and grandfather in 1820, she was raised under close supervision by her mother and her comptroller, John Conroy. Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III), and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. In 1876, the British Parliament voted to grant her the additional title of Empress of India. It was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days is known as the Victorian era and was longer than any of her predecessors. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn.Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein.Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine.
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